These are critical in determining how well the overall commodity chain operates, and in particular for food commodities, how. The rates of these chemical reactions are dependent on a variety of factors amenable to control by packaging, including light, o 2 concentration, temperature, and a w. The activity of germicides against microorganisms depends on a number of factors, some of which are intrinsic qualities of the organism, others of which are the chemical and external physical environment. Risk factors in street food practices in developing countries. Such reaction classes can involve different reactants or substrates, depending on the specific food and the particular conditions for processing or storage. This factor to food insecurity can be addressed by construction of roads in the community. These factors, and many others, affect the amount of time that a vegetable. Street food vending is a common feature of most cities and towns in developing countries. Temperature is an important factor for the safe storage of foodgrains and other food materials as it affects the growth of insects. Based on the q10 temperature coefficient formula rule of 10. Nutrients may be lost by various chemical changes such as oxidation of vitamins during processing of food.
Risk factors in street food practices in developing. This chapter presents evidence on individual, household, and environmental factors that affect food purchasing and consumption decisions and their. In this pestle analysis, well look at the political, economic, sociocultural, technological, legal, and environmental factors affecting the food industry. Hence, it combines heat and mass transfer for which energy. What are the factors responsible for damage of stored food.
Food storage allows food to be eaten for some time typically weeks to months after harvest. Chemical changes in food during processing and storage krishan kumar 1, ajar nath yadav 1, pritesh vyas 1 and karan singh 2 1 akal college of agriculture, eternal university, baru sahib173101. The amount of time food is stored before you eat it and the conditions in which it is stored affect its quality. How much is bought at once storage space larger quantities cheaper to buy.
This is pretty high and most fruits and vegetables can easily be stored at lower oxygen concentrations, sometimes as low as 1 or 2%. Better returns programme eblex agriculture and horticulture development board. There are a number of social factors causing food shortages. Among the environmental factors of storage which affect browning, temperature andwater activity. With a shortage of food and overpopulation, the development of food industry is essential. Bass2 introduction purpose and significance of safe seed storage the principal purpose of storing seeds of economic plants is to preserve planting stocks from one season until the next. New ingredients offer specific opportunities for new foods, such as reduced energy content, better storage life and superior quality. Longterm storage of onion and the factors that affect its. Food labelling laws determine what a buyer knows about the product they are purchasing. Factors that affect food development year 10 food technology. Most food infections result in some degree of diarrhea and abdominal distress. Numerous factors affect the storage stability of shredded iceberg lettuce, with temperature being most important.
Better food storage ensures that products spoil less quickly. Aside provision of readymade instant meals at relatively inexpensive prices, teeming urban dwellers are attached to street foods because. This is an important consideration when packing food with dry ice as moisture condenses and freezes on the outer surface of the dry ice. The most important factors that affect microbial growth in foods can be summarized in the following categories. Measurement of respiration 79 some factors affecting respiration 80 preservatives for reducing respiration. The factors which can cause damage to the stored food materials can be divided into two categories.
In this approach any situation is viewed in terms of relationships and integration. During storage, food is subjected to various chemical changes like loss of vitamin c and bcomplex vitamins, browning and absorption of moisture by hygroscopic components. The shelf life of your food storage is affected by many things, perhaps most important are temperature, moisture, atmosphere, and containment. Factors influencing food security in kenya zakenya. Chapter 3 the food system and factors affecting household food security and nutrition the food system and household food security. One of the major factors that affect onion storage is the selection of the proper cultivar, since there are significant differences in storability between the cultivars and not all of them are suitable for storage. For example, enzymes within a raw fruit help it to ripen. The drying of foods and its effect on the physicalchemical.
Also, if the product was sealed in a gas impermeable container it lasted longer. The four factors that affect food storage shelf life container and. Many factors determine how long a product remains of good. The major factors useful in controlling enzyme activity are temperature, a w, ph, chemicals that can inhibit enzyme action, alteration of substrates, alteration of products, and preprocessing control. A condition of commercial sterility will result in products that are safe to eat. Individual, household, and environmental factors affecting. Temperature is an important factor for the safe storage of foodgrains and other food materials as it affects the growth of insects and microorganisms which attack the stored food materials. This article shows various nice graphs on the optimal oxygen and carbon dioxide concentration for several fruits and vegetables.
Preparedness for catastrophes, emergencies and periods of food scarcity or famine. Principles of thermal processing 5112005 41 fsre shelfstable. The world is consuming more than it is producing, leading to decline in food stock and storage level and increased food prices due to soaring demand a midst low supply acc, 2008. According to 5, postharvest losses comprise all changes in the palatability, wholesomeness or quality of food that prevents it from being consumed by people. Multi variable logistic regression output showed that work experience in different food establishments, good attitude, secondary school and diploma and above education levels, use of three compartment dishwashing system and refrigerator in the kitchen were factors associated with good food handling practice. There are two groups of factors that affect food development. Proper preharvest and postharvest conditions are essential for storability. There are many factors affecting food production which have led to the global shortage of food.
Nri 1996 ref 35 purchase of good quality fresh produce. Embargo and restriction of food imports can be a way in which the. Apr 18, 2020 in the air the oxygen concentration is around 20%. Jan 14, 2019 factors associated with food handling practice. A qualitative study pdf icon scientific article this plain language summary is based on factors affecting safe food preparation by food workers and managers pdf icon fact sheet version of this page. The following economic factors may affect food product development. The condition of the food at the time of freezing will determine the final quality of the frozen food. Moisture foods with excess moisture can spoil in their containers. Factors affecting safe food preparation workers and. The temperature at which food is stored is very critical to shelf life. Here are the political factors impacting the food industry. The second edition of the stability and shelflife of food is a fully revised and thoroughly updated edition of this highlysuccessful book. The shelflife of food products is dependent on the interactive effects of intrinsic parameters e. Pdf food storage at the national or global level is important due to its multifunctional roles of enhancing food access, nutrition, and income.
May 26, 2016 how to address factors that affect food security. Factors affecting commodity market prices finance train. Pdf factors influencing the use of food storage structures by. However, in food infection, microbes growing in the infected tissue release the toxins, unlike food intoxication, where the toxins are already present in the food. What are the factors that contributes to food spoilage. Principles of thermal processing usda food safety and. Food infection also can result in toxin production, causing the same disease signs. Factors affecting safe food preparation workers and managers. Critical factors of success for quality and food safety. Factors affecting food handling practices among food handlers of dangila town food and drink establishments, north west ethiopia article pdf available in bmc public health 141. Factors that affect the production of food can be classified as biological, environmental, sociocultural and physical. Chemical effects in food stored at room temperature. Abstractstorage of onions is a multifaceted issue, which involves many preharvest and postharvest factors.
Jul 09, 2019 in this pestle analysis, well look at the political, economic, sociocultural, technological, legal, and environmental factors affecting the food industry. Altogether these factors affect the cost of producing the commodity and the demand for it in a market where there is more than one participant. Principles of thermal processing 5112005 44 fsre shelfstable establishing a thermal process as mentioned previously, the processing authority will base the establishment of a thermal process for a particular food product on two separate factors. Food producers also find it difficult to access the community to sell their produce. Storage of onions is a multifaceted issue, which involves many preharvest and postharvest factors. Factors affecting, food security, urban, rural, farming households, nigeria 1. Introduction in 1992, world trade in fruits was estimated at 25 million tons. The factors involved in the potential threat caused by foods are inappropriate agricultural practices, poor hygiene at any stage of the food chain, lack of preventive controls during processing and preparation of the food, incorrect use of the chemical materials, contaminated raw materials, food and water and inappropriate storage. Pouches of shredded lettuce stored at 2c retained a marketable quality 2.
Frozen food can be no better than the food was before it was frozen. Physicalchemical, sensorial and nutritional properties. The drying of foods and its effect on the physical. Abstract numerous factors affect the storage stability of shredded iceberg lettuce, with temperature being most important. Factors affecting produce quality and systems for preserving this quality during transport are presented. Pdf factors affecting food handling practices among food. Pdf chemical changes in food during processing and storage. Control of these conditions is necessary to control enzymic activity during food processing and storage. United states department of agriculture, usda, states that for every 10.
Once again we will cover the important factors required for ensuring the optimal quality of foods that are being stored for extended periods of time. Temperature if you are planning on storing your food in a warm environment, it will only last a fraction of the time it would last if stored in a cool, dry. All these policies together influence the choices of food that are available to the public and impacts their diet. Storing food for safety and quality osu extension catalog. Rice storage facilities take many forms depending on the quantity of grain to be stored, the purpose of storage, and the location of the store. Grain storage and pest management 3 1 introduction the purpose of any grain storage facility is to prevent grain loss from weather, moisture, rodents, birds, insects, and microorganisms.
For longterm storage of grains, dehydrated foods, and other dry foods, drier is better. Poor farming and storage methods are also major factors in food insecurity within the kenyan community. If you dont have a cool place for your food storage, plan on rotating your storage quickly enough to prevent food loss. Prehistoric man learned the necessity of this practice and developed methods of. The perception underlying the systems approach is that the whole is greater than the sum of its parts. What are the factors affecting food habits of adolescents. Introduction to the microbiology of food processing. Principles and practices of seed storage by oren l. The state of the economy can affect food product development. While the emphasis in this article is directed to freezedried, dehydrated, lowmoisture and basic commodities, the best conditions for food storage applies to all food products. Food placement in the refrigerator affects air circulation and efficiency. Food handling practice and associated factors among food. These changes may be produced by the enzymes of the food itself or by the enzymes formed by the microorganisms which contaminate the food. Food production is a crucial determinant of food supply or food shortage.
Produce is especially vulnerable to long storage times. The use of new technologies in this sector is a new approach that can be considered. This is because food insecurity is a global issue that cannot be addressed by a single country or entity. Engagement of professionals in food and health related disciplines to drawup guidelines for the management of street food practices, implementation of hazard analysis critical control points concept along the entire chain of the business, education of vendors and consumers on hygiene and safe food practices were canvassed by alimi et al. Network and has just completed the new food storage manual for usda.
Our country iran is one of the largest importers of food and if today is not the idea of selfsufficiency and food production, food imports are added every day. Street foods are enjoying increasing patronage due to industrialization which is forcing many city dwellers to eat their major daily meals out of home. Introduction the attainment of food security in any country is usually an insurance against hunger and malnutrition, both of which slow down economic development davis, 2009. The temperature in storage also affects food quality. The rate of population increase is higher than increase in food production. To use hot air flowing over the food is the most common. Temperature this is the primary factor affecting the storage life of foods. The moisture content of the food itself some exceptions including canned or home canned, or other sealed processing.
Chapter 3 presented the evidence on relationships between participation in the supplemental nutrition assistance program snap and the potential for participants to achieve the program goals of improving food security and access to a healthy diet. For the factors affecting food security to be addressed, the input of governments, policy makers, nongovernmental agencies and individual households is required. The four factors that affect food storage shelf life. The rates of these chemical reactions are dependent on a variety of factors amenable to control by packaging, including light, o 2. Storage and transportation constraints all commodities have a real physical form and therefore there is a need for storage prior to distribution.
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